May  2003 
Year 9    No.87

Document

Hindutva's hit list

We have documented no less than seven widely publicised statements made by the VHP and BJP, in tandem since December 2002, that are indirect threats to demolish mosques and churches in different parts of the country, in the guise of ‘liberating 30,000 Hindu temples’. These statements are particularly ominous in view of the as yet "incomplete" yet extraordinarily long list of shrines targeted by Hindutva that we have so far obtained and are reproducing below (first instalment), as a warning to defenders of the Indian Constitution and law to deliberate over and to plan local and national resistance to the sangh parivar’s impending agenda.

The temples ‘liberation’ statements have been widely reported in the national media. In Varanasi, on December 29, 2002, the BJP MP Vinay Katiyar who built his political career through the Bajrang Dal, demanded that Muslims hand over the Kashi and Mathura mosques to the VHP-Bajrang Dal. Thereafter, on March 1, 2003, in Bhadohi, UP and again on March 10, Praveen Togadia repeated the threats with more potent venom. The RSS, too, through its spokesman, MS Vaidya declared it’s full support to the VHP plan to ‘free’ the Kashi/Mathura shrines.

There are good chances that the ruling BJP with little to show in it’s progress chart before the run-up to the polls next year, may find the violent and diversionary politics of the VHP-RSS useful to romp back to victory on the strength of a communally divided electorate. Once again, as we record and document the ominous portents, can we hope for pre-emptive secular resistance? For the past 18 years, the discourse of this country has been entirely dominated by ‘Build Temple, Bring Hindu rashtra’ slogans that apart from anything else directly subvert and rubbish the Indian Constitution. However, our institutions of democracy, be it the Parliament or the political class, the judiciary or the law and order machinery (the executive is for the moment in hostile hands) have failed, singularly, to rise to this threat to our Constitution and Indian democracy.

Are there other ways that citizens, groups, mass organisations can begin to think of impacting on this political process, so that the issues that go to the polls next year are substantive ones, issues of bread and butter, jobs and livelihood, development and progress, not the diversionary ones of hatred, blood and gore? 
—EDITORS.

We give below, state-wise and district-wise, the particulars of Muslim monuments which stand
on the sites and/or have been built with the materials of Hindu temples, and which we wish to recall as witnesses to the role of Islam as a religion and the character of Muslim rule in medieval India. The list is the result of a preliminary survey. Many more Muslim monuments await examination. Local traditions, which have so far been ignored or neglected, have to be tapped on a large scale.

We have tried our best to be exact in respect of locations, names and dates of the monuments mentioned. Even so, some mistakes and confusions may have remained. Often different sources provide different dates and names for the same monument. Many Muslim saints are known by several names, which creates confusion in identifying their mazars or dargahs. Some districts have been renamed or newly, created and a place, which was earlier under one district, may have been included in another. We shall be grateful to readers who point out these mistakes so that they can be corrected in our major study. This is only a brief summary.

ANDHRA PRADESH
I. Adilabad district
Mahur, masjid in the fort on the hill. Temple site.

II. Anantpur district
1. Gooty, gateway to the hill fort. Temple materials used.
2. Kadiri, Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
3. Konakondla, masjid in the bazaar. Temple materials used.
4. Penukonda
(i) Fort. Temple materials used.
(ii) Masjid in the fort. Converted temple.
(iii) Sher Khan’s Masjid (1546). Converted temple.
(iv) Dargah of Babayya. Converted ávara temple.
(v) Jami’ Masjid (1664-65). Temple site.
(xi) Dargah of Shah Fakbru’d-Dan (1293-94). Temple site.
5. Tadpatri
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1695-96). Temple site.
(ii) Idgah completed in 1725-26. Temple site.
6. Thummala, Masjid (1674-75). Temple site.

III. Cuddapah District
1. Cuddapah
(i) Bhap Sahib-ka-Masjid (1692). Temple site.
(ii) Idgah (1717-18). Temple site.
(iii) Bahadur Khan-ka-Masjid (1722-23). Temple site.
(iv) Dargah of Shah Amanu’d-Din Gesa Daraz (1736-37). Temple site.
2. Duvvuru, masjid. Temple site.
3. Gandikot, Jami’ Masjid (1690-91). Temple site.
4. Gangapuru, masjid. Temple site.
5. Gundlakunta, Dastgar Dargah. Temple site.
6. Gurrumkonda, Fort and several other Muslim buildings. Temple materials used.
7. Jammalmaduguu, Jami’ Masjid (1794-95). Temple site.
8. Jangalapalle, Dargah of Dastgar Swamar. Converted Jangam temple.
9. Siddhavatam
(i) Qutb Shaha Masjid (restored in 1808). Temple materials use.
(ii) Jami’ Masjid (1701). Temple materials used.
(iii) Dargah of Bismillah Khan Qadira. Temple materials used.
(iv) Fort and Gateways. Temple materials used.
(v) Chowk-kar-Masjid. Temple site.
10. Vutukuru
(i) Masjid at Naligoto. Temple site.
(ii) Masjid at Puttumiyyapeta. Temple site.

IV. East Godavari district
Bikkavolu, Masjid. Temple materials used.

V. Guntur district
1. Nizampatnam, Dargah of Shah Haidra (1609). Temple site
2. Vinukonda, Jami’ Masjid (1640-41). Temple site.

VI. Hyderabad district
1. Chikalgoda, Masjid (1610). Temple site.
2. Dargah, Dargah of Shah Wala (1601-02). Temple site.
3. Golconda
(i) Jami’ Masjid on Bala Hissar. Temple site.
(ii) Taramata Masjid. Temple site.
4. Hyderabad
(i) Dargah of Shah Masa Qadira. Temple site.
(ii) Masjid on the Pirulkonda Hill (1690). Temple site.
(iii) Tola Masjid (1671). Temple materials used.
(iv) Dargah of Mian Mishk (d. 1680). Temple site.
(v) Dargah of Mu’min Chup in Aliyabad (1322-23). Temple site.
(vi) Haja Kamal-ka-Masjid (1657). Temple site.
(vii) Begum Masjid (1593). Temple site.
(viii) Dargah of Islam Khan Naqshbandar. Temple site.
(ix) Dargah of Shah Da’ad (1369-70). Temple site.
(x) Jami’ Masjid (1597). Temple site.
4. Maisaram, masjid built by Aurangzeb from materials of 200 temples demolished after the fall of Golconda.
5. Secunderabad, Qadam Rasul. Temple site.
6. Sheikhpet
(i) Shaikh-ka-Masjid (1633-34). Temple site.
(ii) Saraiwala Masjid (1678-79). Temple site.

VII. Karimnagar district
1. Dharampuri, Masjid (1693). Trikata Temple site.
2. Elangdal
(i) Mansar Khan-ka-Masjid (1525). Temple site.
(ii) Alamgara Masjid (1696). Temple site.
3. Kalesyaram, Ãflamgara Masjid. Temple site.
4. Sonipet, Ãflamgara Masjid. Temple site.
5. Vemalvada, Mazar of a Muslim saint. Temple site.

VIII. Krishna district
1. Gudimetta, masjid in the Fort. Temple materials used.
2. Guduru, Jami’ Masjid (1497). Temple materials used.
3. Gundur, Jami’ Masjid. Converted temple.
4. Kondapalli
(i) Masjid built in 1482 on the site of a temple after Muhammad Shah Bahmani had slaughtered the Brahmin priests on the advice of Mahmad Gawan, the great Bahmana Prime Minister, who exhorted the sultan to become a Ghazi by means of this pious performance.
(ii) Mazar of Shah Abdul Razzaq. Temple site.
5. Kondavidu
(i) Masjid (1337). Temple materials used.
(ii) Dargah of Barandaula. Temple materials used.
(iii) Qadam Sharaf of Ãfdam. Converted temple.
6. Machhlipatnam
(i) Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
(ii) Idgah. Temple site.
7. Nandigram, Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
8. Pedana, Iama’il-ka-Masjid. Temple site.
9. Rajkonda, masjid (1484). Temple site.
10. Tengda, masjid. Temple site.
11. Turkpalem, Dargah of Ghalib Shahad. Temple site.
12. Vadpaili, masjid near Narsi Mhaswaman Temple. Temple materials used.
13. Vijaywada, Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.

IX. Kurnool district
1. Adoni
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1668-69). Materials of several temples used.
(ii) Masjid on the hill. Temple materials used.
(iii) Fort (1676-77). Temple materials used.
2. Cumbum
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1649). Temple site.
(ii) Gachinala Masjid (1729-30). Temple site.
3. Havli, Jami’ Masjid. Temple materials used.
4. Karimuddula, Dargah. Akkadevi Temple materials used.
5. Kottakot, Jami’ Masjid (1501). Temple site.
6. Kurnool
(i) Par Sahib-ka-Gumbad (1637-38). Temple site.
(ii) Jami’ Masjid (1667). Temple site.
(iii) Lal Masjid (1738-39). Temple site.
7. Pasupala, Kalan Masjid. Temple site.
8. Sanjanmala, Masjid. Temple sites.
9. Siddheswaram, Ashurkhana. Temple materials used.
10. Yadavalli, Mazar and Masjid. Temple sites.
11. Zuhrapur, Dargah of Qadir Shah Bukharar. Temple site.

X. Mahbubnagar district
1. Alampur, Qala-kar-Masjid. Temple materials used.
2. Jatprole, Dargah of Sayyid Shah Darwish. Temple materials used.
3. Kodangal
(i) Dargah of Hazrat Nizamu’d-Din. Temple site.
(ii) Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
4. Kundurg, Jami’ Masjid (1470-71). Temple site.
5. Pargi, Jami’ Masjid (1460). Temple site.
6. Somasila, Dargah of Kamalu’d-Dan Baba (1642-43) Temple site.

XI. Medak district
1. Andol, Old Masjid. Temple site.
2. Komatur, Old Masjid. Temple site.
3. Medak
(i) Masjid near Mubarak Mahal (1641). VishNu Temple site.
(ii) Fort. Temple materials used.
4. Palat, masjid. Temple site.
5. Patancheru
(i) Jami’ Masjid. Temple materials used.
(ii) Dargah of Shykh Ibraham known as Makhdamji (1583). Temple site.
(iii) Ashrufkhana. Temple site.
(iv) Fort (1698). Temple materials used.

XII. Nalgonda district
1. Devarkonda
(i) Qutb Shaha Masjid. Temple materials used.
(ii) Dargah of Sharafu’d-Din (1579). Temple site.
(iii) Dargah of Qadir Shah Wala (1591). Temple site.
2. Ghazinagar, masjid (1576-77). Temple site.
3. Nalgonda
(i) Garha Masjid. Temple site.
(ii) Dargah of Shah Lataf. Temple site.
(iii) Qutb Shaha Masjid (Renovated in 1897). Temple site.
4. Pangal, Ãflamgara Masjid. Temple site.

XIII. Nellore district
1. Kandukuru, four masjids. Temple sites.
2. Nellore, dargah named Dargamitta. Akkasalaa¡vara Temple materials used.
3. Podile, dargah. Temple site.
4. Udayagiri
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1642-43). Temple materials used.
(ii) Chhota Masjid (1650-51). Temple materials used.
(iii) Fort. Temple materials used.

XIV. Nizambad district
1. Balkonda
(i) Patthar-ka-Masjid. Temple site.
(ii) Idgah. Temple site.
2. Bodhan
(i) Deval Masjid. Converted Jain temple.
(ii) Patthar-ka-Masjid. Temple site.
(iii) Ãflamgara Masjid (1654-55). Temple site.
3. Dudki, Ashrufkhana. Temple materials used.
4. Fathullapur, Mu’askara Masjid (1605-06). Temple site.

XV. Osmanabad district
Ausa, Jami’ Masjid (1680-81). Temple site.

XVI. Rangareddy district
Maheshwar, Masjid (1687). Madanna Pandit’s Temple site.

XVII. Srikakulam district
1. Icchapuram, Several Masjids. Temple sites.
2. Kalingapatnam, Dargah of Sayyid Muhammad Madna Awliya (1619-20). Temple materials used.
3. Srikakulam
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1641- 42). Temple site.
(ii) Dargah of Bande Shah Wala (1641- 42). Temple site.
(iii) Atharwala Masjid (1671-72). Temple site.
(iv) Dargah of Burhanu’d-Dan Awliya. Temple site.

XVIII. Vishakhapatnam district
1. Jayanagaram, dargah. Temple site.
2. Vishakhapatnam, dargah of Shah Madna. Temple site.

XIX. Warangal district
Zafargarh, Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.

XX. West Godavari district
1. Eluru
(i) Fort. Temple materials used.
(ii) Sawai Masjid. Converted temple.
(iii) Qazi’s House. Some Å¡vara Temple materials used.
2. Nidavolu, masjid. Mahadeva Temple materials used.
3. Rajamundri, Jami’ Masjid (1324). Converted Venugopalaswamin Temple.

ASSAM
Kamrup district
Hajo
(i) Poa Masjid (1657). Temple site.
(ii) Mazar of a Muslim saint who styled himself Sultan Ghiyasu’d-Dan Balban. Temple site.

WEST BENGAL
I. Bankura district
Lokpura, Mazar of Ghaza Ismail. Converted Venugopala temple.

II. Barisal district
Kasba, Masjid. Temple site.

III. Birbhum district
1. Moregram, mazar of Sayyid Baba. Temple materials used.
2. Patharchapuri, mazar of Data, or Mahbab Sahib. Temple site.
3. Rajnagar, several old masjids. Temple sites.
4. Sakulipur, Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
5. Siyan, dargah of Makhdam Shah (1221). Materials of many temples used.

IV. Bogra district
Mahasthan
(i) Dargah and masjid of Shah Sultan Mahaswar. Stands on the ruins of a temple.
(ii) Majid on a Iladeva Ghat. Temple materials used.

V. Burdwan district
1. Inchalabazar, masjid (1703). Temple site.
2. Kasba, Raja, masjid. Temple materials used.
3. Kalna
(i) Dargah of Shah Majlis (1491-93). Temple site.
(ii) Shahi Masjid (1533). Temple site.
4. Mangalkot, Jami’ Masjid (1523-24). Temple site.
5. Raikha, Talab-wala Masjid. Temple site.
6. Suata
(i) Dargah of Sayyid Shah Shahad Mahmad Bahmana. Buddhist Temple materials site.
(ii) Masjid (1502-02). Temple site.

VI. Calcutta district
Bania Pukur, Masjid built for Alaud-Dan Alau’l Haqq (1342). Temple materials used.

VII. Chatgaon district
Dargah of Badr Makhdam. Converted Buddhist Vihara.

VIII. Dacca district
1. Dacca
(i) Tomb of Baba Para. Temple materials used.
(ii) Saif Khan-ka-Masjid. Converted temple.
(iii) Churihatta Masjid. Temple materials used.
2. Narayanganj, Qadam Rasal Masjid. Temple site.
3. Rampal
(i) Masjid. Converted temple.
(ii) Dargah of Baba Adam Shahad (1308). Temple materials used.
4. Sonargaon, Old Masjid. Temple materials used.

IX. Dinajpur district
1. Basu-Bihar, two masjids. On the ruins of a Buddhist Vihara.
2. Devatala
(i) Dargah of Shykh Jalalu’d-Dan Tabrizi, Suhrawardayyia sufi credited in Muslim histories with the destruction of many, temples. Temple site.
(ii) Jami’ Masjid (1463). Vishnu Temple site.
3. Devikot
(i) Dargah and masjid of Par Atau’llah Shah (1203). Temple materials used.
(ii) Dargah of Shah Bukhara. Temple materials used.
(iii) Dargah of Par Bahau’d-Dan. Temple materials used.
(iv) Dargah of Shah Sultan Par. Temple materials used.
4. Mahisantosh, Dargah and Masjid. On the site of a big Vishnu Temple.
5. Nekmard, mazar of Nekmard Shah. Temple site.

X. Faridpur district
Faridpzir, mazar of Farad Shah. Temple site.

XI. Hooghly district
1. Jangipura, mazar of Shahad Ghaza. Temple materials used.
2. Pandua
(i) Masjid. Temple materials used.
(ii) Mazar of Shah Safiu’d-Dan. Temple site.
(iii) Fath Minar. Temple materials used.
3. Santoshpur, masjid near Molla Pukur (153-310). Temple site.
4. Satgaon, Jami’ Masjid. Temple materials used.
5. Tribeni
(i) Zafar Khan-ka-Masjid (1298). Temple materials used.
(ii) Dargah of Zafar Khan. Temple materials used.
(iii) Masjid (1459). Temple site.

XII. Howrah district
Jangalvilas, Par Sahib-ka-Masjid. Converted temple.

XIII. Khulna district
1. Masjidkur
(i) Shat Gumbaz. Temple materials used.
(ii) Mazar of Khanja Ali or Khan Jahan. Temple site.
2. Salkhira, dargah of Maa Champa. Temple materials used.

XIV. Malda district
1. Gangarampur
(i) Dargah of Shah Ata. a iva Temple site.
(ii) Masjid on the river bank (1249). Temple site.
2. Gaur, Muslim city built on the site and with the ruins of Lakshmanavatar, Hindu capital destroyed by the Muslims at the end of the twelfth century AD. Temple materials have been used in the following monuments:
(i) Chhota Sona Masjid.
(ii) Qadam Rasal Masjid (1530)
(iii) Tantipara Masjid (1480)
(iv) Lattan Masjid (1475)
(v) Bada Sona Masjid (1526)
(vi) Dargah of Makhadam Akha Siraj Chishta, disciple of Nizamu’d-Dan Awliya of Delhi (1347)
(vii) Darsbara or College of Theology.
(viii) Astana of Shah Niamatu’llah.
(ix) Chamkattar Masjid (1459).
(x) Chikka Masjid.
(xi) Gunmant Masjid. Converted temple.
(xii) Dakhil Darwaza
(xiii) Kotwala Darwaza.
(xiv) Faruz Minar.
(xv) Chandipur Darwaza.
(xvi) Baraduara Masjid.
(xvii) Lukachuri Masjid.
(xviii) Gumtar Darwaza.
3. Malda
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1566). Temple materials used.
(ii) Sak Mohan Masjid (1427). Temple site.
4. Pandua, another Muslim city built with the ruins of Lakshmanavatar. Temple materials have been used in the following monuments.
(i) Madina Masjid (1368)
(ii) Yaklakha Masjid.
(iii) Chheh Hazari or dargah of Nar Qutb-i-Ãlam (1415).
(iv) Bais Hazara or Khanqah of Jalalu’d-Dan Tabriza (1244).
(v) Sona Masjid.
(vi) Barn-like Masjid.
(vii) Qadam Rasa.

XV. Midnapur district
1. Gagneswar, Karambera Garh Masjid (1509). Åiva Temple site.
2. Hijli, Masnad-i-ÃlÃ-ka-Masjid. Temple site.
3. Kesiari, Masjid (1622). Mahadeva Temple materials used.
4. Kharagpur, Mazar of Par Lohani. Temple site.

XVI. Murshidabad district
1. Chuna Khali, Barbak-ka-Masjid. Temple site.
2. Murshidabad, Temple materials have been used in the following monuments:
(i) Katra Masjid.
(ii) Motarjharl Lake Embankments.
(iii) Sangar Dalan.
(iv) Mahal Sara’.
(v) AlÃrvardar Khan-ka-Masjid.
(vi) Hazarduara Mahal.
3. Rangamati, Dargah on the Rakshasar Danga. Stands on the ruins of a Buddhist Vihara.

XVII. Noakhali district
Begamganj, Bajra Masjid. Converted temple.

XVIII. Pabna district
Balandu, Madrasa. Converted Buddhist Vihara.

XIX. Rajshahi district
1. Bhaturia, Masjid. Åiva Temple materials used.
2. Kumarpura, Mazar of Mukarram Shah. Converted temple.
3. Kusumbha, Old Masjid (1490-93). Constructed entirely of temple materials.

XX. Rangpur district
Kamatpur
(i) Bada Dargah of Shah Ismail Ghaza. Temple site.
(ii) Idgah on a mound one mile away. Temple materials used.

XXI. Sylhet district
1. Baniyachung, Famous Masjid. Temple site.
2. Sylhet
(i) Masjid of Shah Jalal. Temple site.
(ii) Mazars of Shah Jalal and many of his disciples. Temple sites.

XXII. 24-Parganas district
1. Barasat, Mazar of Par Ekdil Sahib. Temple site.
2. Berchampa, Dargah of Par Gorachand. Temple site.

GUJARAT
I. Ahmadabad district
1. Ahmadabad, materials of temples destroyed at Asaval, Patan and Chandravati were used in the building of this Muslim city and its monuments. Some of the monuments are listed below :
(i) Palace and citadel of Bhadra.
(ii) Ahmad Shah-kar-Masjid in Bhadra.
(iii) Jami’ Masjid of Ahmad Shah.
(iv) Haibat Khan-kar-Masjid.
(v) Ranar Rapmatar-kar-Masjid.
(vi) Ranar Baar Harar-kar-Masjid.
(vii) Malik Sarang-ka-Masjid.
(viii) Mahfaz Khan-ka-Masjid.
(ix) Sayyid Ãlam-ka-Masjid.
(x) Pattharwali or Qutb Shah-ka-Masjid.
(xi) Sakar Khan-ka-Masjid.
(xii) Baba Lala-ka-Masjid.
(xiii) Shykh Hasan Muhammad Chishtar-ka-Masjid.
(xiv) Masjid at Isanpur.
(xv) Masjid and mazar of Malik Sha’ban.
(xvi) Masjid and mazar of Ranar Sarprar (Sabarai).
(xvii) Masjid and mazar of Shah Ãlam at Vatva.
(xviii) Maqbara of Sultan Ahmad Shah
2. Dekwara, Masjid (1387). Temple site.
3. Dholka
(i) Masjid and Mazar of Bahlol Khan Ghaza. Temple site.
(ii) Mazar of Barkat Shahard (1318). Temple site.
(iii) Tanka or Jami’ Masjid (1316). Temple materials used.
(iv) Hillal Khan Qazar-ka-Masjid (1333). Temple materials used.
(v) Kharrnar Masjid (1377). Converted Bavan Jinalaya Temple.
(vi) Kalar Bazar Masjid (1364). Temple site.
4. Isapur, masjid. Temple site.
5. Mandal
(i) Sayyid-ka-Masjid (1462). Temple site.
(ii) Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
6. Paldi, Patthar-ka-Masjid. Temple site.
7. Ranpur, Jami’ Masjid (1524-25). Temple site.
8. Sarkhej
(i) Dargah of Shykh Ahmad Khatta Ganj Baksh (d. 1445). Temple materials used.
(ii) Maqbara of Sultan Mahmad Begada. Temple materials used.
9. Usmanpur, masjid and mazar of Sayyid Usman. Temple site.

II. Banaskantha district
1. Haldvar, mazar of Lan Shah and Gajar Shah. Temple site.
2. Halol
(i) Ek Manar-ka-Masjid. Temple site.
(ii) Panch Munhda-ka-Masjid. Temple site.
(iii) Jami’ Masjid (1523-24). Temple site.
3. Malan, Jami’ Masjid (1462). Temple materials used.

III. Baroda (Vadodara) district
1. Baroda
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1504-05) Temple site.
(ii) Dargah of Pir Amar Tahir with its Ghaza Masjid. Temple site.
(iii) Mazar of Pir Ghoda (1421-23). Temple site.
2. Dabhoi
(i) Dargah of Panch Barbar. Temple materials used.
(ii) Mazar of Mar Dhokra. Temple materials used.
(iii) Fort. Temple materials used.
(iv) Hira, Baroda, MabuDa and NandoDi Gates. Temple materials used.
(v) Mahundi Masjid. Temple materials used.
3. Danteshwar, mazar of Qutbu’d-Dan. Temple site.
4. Sankheda, masjid (1515-16). Temple site.

IV. Bharuch district
1. Amod, Jami’ Masjid. Temple materials used.
2. Bharuch
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1321). Brahmanical and Jain temple materials used.
(ii) Ghaznavar Masjid (1326). Temple site.
(iii) Idgah (1326). Temple site.
(iv) Chunawada Masjid (1458). Temple site.
(v) Qazar-kar-Masjid (1609). Temple site.
(vi) Mazar of Makhdam Shararfu’d-Dan (1418). Temple site.
3. Jambusar, Jami’ Masjid (1508-09). Temple site.
4. Tankaria, Badar or Jami’ Masjid (1453). Temple site.

V. Bhavnagar district
1. Botad, mazar of Pir Hamar Khan. Temple site.
2. Tolaja, Idgah and dargah of Hasan Pir. Temple site.
3. Ghoda, masjid (1614). Temple site.

VI. Jamnagar district
1. Amran, dargah of Dawal Shah. Temple materials used.
2. Bet Dwarka, dargah of Pir Kirmanar. Temple site.
3. Dwarka, masjid (1473). Temple site.

VII. Junagarh District.
1. Junagarh
(i) Borwad Masjid (1470). Temple site.
(ii) Jami’ Masjid in Uparkot. Jain Temple site.
(iii) Masjid at Mar Gadhechar. Converted Jain temple.
2. Loliyana, dargah of Madar Shah. Temple site.
3. Kutiana, Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
4. Mangrol
(i) Rahmat Masjid. Temple materials used.
(ii) Jami’ Masjid (1382-83). Temple materials used.
(iii) JanI Jail-kar-Masjid (1385-86). Temple site.
(iv) Revalar Masjid (1386-87). Temple materials used.
(v) Masjid at Bandar. Temple materials used.
(vi) Dargah near Revali Masjid. Temple materials used.
(vii) Mazar of Sayyid Sikandar alias Makhdam Jahaniya (1375). Temple materials used.
(viii) Gadhi Gate. Temple materials used.
5. Somnath Patan
(i) Bazar Masjid (1436). Temple site.
(ii) Chandnar Masjid (1456). Temple site.
(iii) Qazar-ka-Masjid (1539). Temple site.
(iv) Pathanwadi Masjid (1326). Temple site.
(v) Muhammad Jamadar-kar-Masjid (1420). Temple site.
(vi) Mithashah Bhang-kar-Masjid (1428). Temple site.
(vii) Jami’ Masjid. Temple materials used.
(viii) Masjid made out of the Somanatha Temple of Kumarapala.
(ix) Masjid at the back of the Somanatha Temple. Converted temple.
(x) Mota Darwaza. Temple materials used.
(xi) Marpura Masjid on the way to Veraval. Temple materials used.
(xii) Dargah of Manglari Shah near Marpura Masjid. Temple materials used.
(xiii) Shahard Mahmad-kar-Masjid (1694). Temple site.
6. Vanasthali, Jami’ Masjid. Converted Vamana Temple.
7. Veraval
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1332). Temple site.
(ii) Nagarna Masjid (1488). Temple site.
(iii) Chowk Masjid. Temple site.
(iv) Mandvar Masjid. Temple site.
(v) Mazar of Sayyid Ishaq or Maghribar Shah. Temple site.
(vi) Dargah of Muhammad bin Hajat Gilanar. Temple site.

VIII. Kachchh (Kutch) district
1. Bhadreshwar
(i) Solakhambar Masjid. Jain Temple materials used.
(ii) Chhota Masjid. Jain Temple materials used.
(iii) Dargah of Pir Lal Shahbaz. Jain Temple materials used.
2. Bhuj
(i) Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
(ii) Gumbad of Baba Guru. Temple site.
3. Munra or Mundra, seaport built from the materials of Jain temples of Bhadreshwar which were demolished by the Muslims; its Safed Masjid which can be seen from afar was built from the same materials.

IX. Kheda district
1. Kapadwani
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1370-71). Temple site.
(ii) Sam Shahard-kar-Masjid (1423). Temple site.
2. Khambhat
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1325). Jain Temple materials used.
(ii) Masjid in Qaziwara (1326). Temple site.
(iii) Masjid in Undipet (1385). Temple site.
(iv) Sadi-i-Awwal Masjid (1423). Temple site.
(v) Fujra-kar-Masjid (1427). Temple site.
(vi) Mazar of Umar bin Ahmad Kazraanar. Jain Temple materials used.
(vii) Mazaar of Qabil Shah. Temple site.
(viii) Mazar of Shykh Alar Jaulaqar known as Parwa Shah (1498). Temple site.
(ix) Mazar of Shah Bahlol Shahard. Temple site.
(x) Maqbara of Ikhtaryaru’d-Daula (1316). Temple site.
(xi) Idgah (1381-82). Temple site.
3. Mahuda, Jami’ Masjid (1318). Temple site.
4. Sojali, Sayyid Mubarak-kar-Masjid. Temple site.

X. Mehsana district
1. Kadi
(i) Masjid (1384). Temple site.
(ii) Masjid (1583). Temple site.
2. Kheralu, Jami’ Masjid (1409-10). Temple site.
3. Modhera, Rayadi Masjid. Temple site.
4. Munjpur, Jami’ Masjid (1401-02). Temple site.
5. Patan
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1357). Temple materials used.
(ii) Phatar Mahalla or Pinjar Kot-ka-Masjid (1417). Temple site.
(iii) Baazszzar-kar-Masjid (1490). Temple site.
(iv) Masjid in a field that was the Sahasralinga Talav. Temple materials used.
(v) Masjid and dargah of Makhdam Husamu’d-Dan Chishtar, disciple of Shykh Nizamu’d-Dan Awliya of Delhi. Temple materials used.
(vi) Gamda Masjid (1542). Temple site.
(vii) Rangrezon-kar-Masjid (1410-11). Temple site.
(viii) Dargah of Shykh Muhammad Turk Kashgara (1444-45). Temple site.
(ix) Dargah of Shykh Farard. Converted temple.
6. Sami, Jami’ Masjid (1404). Temple site.
7. Sidhpur, Jami’ Masjid. Built on the site and with the materials of the Rudra-mahalaya Temple of Siddharaja JayasiMha.
8. Una, Dargah of Hazrat Shah Pir. Temple site.
9. Vijapur
(i) Kalan Masjid (1369-70). Temple site.
(ii) Mansara Masjid. Temple site.

XI. Panch Mahals District.
1. Champaner
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1524). Temple site.
(ii) Bhadra of Mahmad Begdaa. Temple site.
(iii) Shahr-kar-Masjid. Temple site.
2. Godhra, Masjid. Temple site.
3. Pavagadh
(i) Masjid built on top of the Devar Temple.
(ii) Panch Munhda Masjid. Temple site.
(iii) Jami’ Masjid. Temple site,
4. Rayania, Masjid (1499-1500). Temple site.

XII. Rajkot District.
1. Jasdan, Dargah of Kala Par. Temple materials used.
2. Khakhrechi
(i) Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
(ii) Dargah of Kamal Shah Par. Temple site.
3. Mahuva, Idgah (1418). Temple site.
4. Malia, Jami’ Masjid. Temple site.
5. Morvi, Masjid (1553). Temple site.
6. Santrampur, Masjid (1499-1500). Temple site.

XIII. Sabarkantha District.
1. Hersel, masjid (1405). Temple site.
2. Himmatnagar, Moti-Mohlat Masjid in Nani Vorwad (1471). Temple site.
3. Prantij
(i) Fath or Tekrewalar Masjid (1382). Temple site.
(ii) Dargah of Sikandar Shah Shahard (d. 1418). Temple materials used.

XIV. Surat District.
1. Navasari
(i) Jami’ Masjid (1340). Temple site.
(ii) Shahar Masjid. Temple site.
2. Rander, the Jains who predominated in this town were expelled by Muslims and all temples of the former were converted into mosques. The following mosques stand on the site of and/or are constructed with materials from those temples:
(i) Jami’ Masjid.
(ii) Nit Naura Masjid.
(iii) Mian-kar-Masjid.
(iv) Kharwa Masjid.
(v) Munshar-kar-Masjid.
3. Surat
(i) Mirza Sami-kar-Masjid (1336). Temple site.
(ii) Nau Sayyid Sahib-kar-Masjid and the nine Mazars on Gopi Talav in honour of nine Ghazars. Temple sites.
(iii) Fort built in the reign of Farrukh Siyar. Temple materials used.
(iv) Gopi Talav (1718). Temple materials used.
4. Tadkeshwar, Jami’ Masjid (1513-14). Temple site.

XV. Surendranagar District.
1. Sara, Darbargadh-kar-Masjid (1523). Temple site.
2. Vad Nagar, Masjid (1694). Stands on the site of the Hatakea¡vara Mahadeva temple.
3. Wadhwan, Jami’ Masjid (1439). Temple site.

DELHI
Islamic invaders destroyed the Hindu cities of Indarpat and Dhillika with their extensive suburbs and built seven cities successively. The following Muslim monuments stand on the site of Hindu temples; temple materials can be seen in some of them.

I. Mehrauli
1. Quwwatu’l Islam Masjid (1198).
2. Qutb Manar.
3. Maqbara of Shamsu’d-Dan Iltutmish (1235.)
4. Dargah of Shykh Qutbu’d-Dan Bakhtyar Kakar (d. 1236).
5. Jahaz Mahal.
6. AlÃI Darwaza.
7. AlÃI Manar.
8. Madrasa and maqbara of AlÃu’d-Dan Khalja.
9. Maqbara of Ghiyau’d-Dan Balban.
10. Masjid and mazar of Shykh Fazlu’llah known as Jamala-Kamalar.
11. Madhar masjid.

II. Sultan Ghari
Maqbara of Nasiru’d-Dan, son of Sultan Shamsu’d-Dan Iltutmish (1231).

III. Palam
Babrar (Ghazanfar) Masjid (1528-29).

IV. Begumpur
1. Masjid.
2. Bijai Mandal.
3. Kalu Sarai-ka-Masjid.
4. Mazar of Shykh Najarbu’d-Dan Mutwakkal Chishtar (d. 1272).

V. Tughlaqabad
Maqbara of Ghiyasu’d-Dan Tughlaq.

VI. Chiragh-Delhi
1. Dargah of Shykh Nasarru’d-Dan Chiragh-i-Dehla (d. 1356).
2. Maqbara of Bahlul Lodar.

VII. Nizamu’d-DIn
1. Dargah and Jama’t-Khana Masjid of Shykh Nizamu’d-Din Awliya (d. 1325).
2. Kalan Masjid.
3. Chaunsath-Khamba.
4. Maqbara of Khan-i-Jahan Tilanganar.
5. Chilla of Nizam’d-Dan Awliya.
6. Lal Mahal.

VIII. Hauz Khas
1. Maqbara and madrasa of Faruz Shah Tughlaq.
2. Dadar-Potar-ka-Maqbara.
3. Biran-ka-Gumbad.
4. Chhota and Sakrar Gumta.
5. Narlar Masjid (1505-06).
6. Idgah (1404-00).
7. Bagh-i-Ãlam-ka-Gumbad (1501).
8. Mazar of Naru’d-Dan Mubarak Ghaznawar (1234-35).

IX. Malviyanagar
1. Lal Gumbad or the mazar of Shykh Kabaru’d-Dan Awlarya (1397).
2. Mazar of Shykh AlÃu’d-Dan (1507).
3. Mazar of Shykh Yasuf Qattal (d. 1527).
4. Khirka Masjid.

X. Lodi Gardens
1. Maqbara of Muhammad Shah.
2. Bada Gumbad Masjid (1494).
3. Sharsh Gumbad.
4. Maqbara of Sikandar Loda.

XI. Purana Qila
1. Sher Shah Gate.
2. Qala-i-Kuhna Masjid.
3. Khairu’l Manzil Masjid.

XII. Shahjahanabad
1. Kalar Masjid at Turkman Gate.
2. Maqbara of Razia Sultan.
3. Jami’ Masjid on Bhojala Pahadar.
4. Ghata or Zainatu’l Masjid.
5. Dargah of Shah Turkman (1240).

XIII. Ramakrishnapuram
1. Tarn Burjar Maqbara.
2. Malik Munar-kar-Masjid.
3. Wazarpur-ka-Gumbad.
4. Munda Gumbads.
5. Bara-Lao-ka-Gumbad.
6. Barje-ka-Gumbad.

XIV. The Ridge
1. Malcha Mahal.
2. Bhalar Bhatiyari-ka-Mahal.
3. Qadam Sharaf.
4. Chauburza Masjid.
5. Par Ghaib.

XV. Wazirabad
Masjid and mazar of Shah Ãlam.

XVI. South Extension
1. Kale Khan-ka-Gumbad.
2. Bhare Khan-ka-Gumbad.
3. Chhote Khan-ka-Gumbad.
4. Bade Khan-ka-Gumbad.

XVII. Other Areas
1. Maqbara of Mubarak Shah in Kotla Mubarakpur.
2. Kushk Mahal in Tin Murti.
3. Sundar Burj in Sundarnagar.
4. Jami’ Masjid in Kotla Faruz Shah.
5. Abdu’n-Nabar-kar-Masjid near Tilak Bridge.
6. Maqbara of Raushanara Begum.

DIU
Jami’ Masjid (1404). Temple site.

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